New in Mental Health: A Link Between Depression and Dementia

A study in the May issue of the British Journal of Psychiatry has concluded that late-life depression is associated with an increased risk for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. After conducting meta-analysis on 23 existing studies that studied nearly 50,000 adults over several years, researchers concluded that adults with depression are more than twice as likely to develop vascular dementia and 65 percent more likely to get Alzheimer’s.

Holy crap. Them are some hefty numbers.

This new information kind of puts ticks in two different check boxes for me. I’d read before that depression is relatively common among the elderly population, and in fact, the highest rate of suicide in the United States is among older white men. For many, it’s a continuation of symptoms they’ve had for a large part of their life, but for some, they experience clinical depression for the very first time as an octogenarian or older.

Also, in the past 10 years, I’ve repeatedly heard about the increase in rates and incidence of Alzheimer’s and it certainly feels like almost everyone I know has a relative with dementia. Why, why, why? I’ve been asking myself. (Just like that—“Why, why, why?”) So while I still lean toward the belief that environmental factors—the air we breathe, the food we eat—are contributing to escalating dementia and Alzheimer’s rates, the link between those diseases and depression is like puzzle pieces clicking into place. If you were to have a ‘clicky’ kind of puzzle, that is. And if you do, that would mean you’re probably 5 and don’t really need to worry about this kind of stuff just yet. But yay, you can already read AND search the internet. Way to go, kid.

Anyway, the other reason this study made me go, “Ah” (not “zigizig ah,” just “ah,” because I’m so over my Spice Girls thing) is due to observations of my own mother. She developed dementia unusually early, enough that the staff at her care home calls her “their teenager.” In the 25 years before her admission there, she lived alone, and her years of paranoia and psychosis turned her into an extreme recluse. I’d already drawn the conclusion that she likely had depression as a result of her circumstances, and so again, the link made by the researchers makes sense.

For my mum, dementia obliterated all kinds of unpleasant symptoms of mental illness, so all in all, she’s in a pretty good state of mind now compared to the past. For most people, though, dementia and Alzheimer’s looks and feels like loss—loss of mental acuity, loss of skills and knowledge, loss of the ability to communicate with friends and family. Given the link that was recently presented, our goal, then, would be to prevent dementia and Alzheimer’s through better identification of an elderly person’s symptoms of depression so they can get treatment in that area. If you’re interested in reading more on how to exercise this approach, here’s a page from the Geriatric Mental Health Foundation with a bunch of good information and resources.

I’ll end with something from Mick Fleetwood’s closing remarks at Fleetwood Mac’s fantastic concert last night: “Be kind to one another.” That includes the elderly. Let’s not forget them.

Have you had experience getting help for an elderly person with depression? Do you have wisdom or thoughts to share? As always, thank you for contributing to this blog community.

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Travel: A Visit to the SkyMall

Dear SkyMall, if you continue to sell the things you sell, people are going to continue to ridicule you. Sure, those pet doors look quite useful and I even kind of like the Hobbit rings, but the Bed Bug Thwarting Sleeping Cocoon? You might just try to sell someone A NEW MATTRESS instead.

Here are a few of my top picks for today’s forehead-slapping moment.

Remember pet rocks? Well, now for just $24.95, you can get one that even tells you it loves you! Because that’s what humans crave. Rocks that love them. Or, you can give it to your amour, because as one SkyMall reviewer wrote, it’s “even better than saying ‘I love you.’” Uh, no, I don’t actually think it is, dude. (This same reviewer also said he’s been married for 21 years, so maybe this stupid rock really does work.) A different reviewer listed one of the product’s cons as “huge” and “would have preferred the size of an egg.” Is he shy about his love? At any rate, I think the whole concept would be much more effective if it didn’t have “Written in stone” etched on it and in quotation marks. I guess they really wanted to drive the point home. Wham, like a rock to the head.

I don’t want to pick on people with hair loss issues—I imagine that it can really suck (personally, I have a hair growth issue, as in, it’s growing on my chin and out of my nose). That said, if you fall into the trap of paying $695 for a pair of audio speakers, then perhaps a full head of hair would only serve to block the signals you’ve been getting from the aliens telling you to wear this bloody thing and dance naked in the front yard (please, don’t post photos). The igrow Hair Rejuvenation Laser’s iPod/MP3  compatibility is a well-liked feature, however. All of the reviews for this product comment on how nice it is to listen to music; there’s nothing written to say that this helmet actually makes your hair grow.

Do you ever worry about your sneakers leaving marks on your walls when you do Achilles stretches? Me neither. But if you have 30 bucks to trade for something that will eventually make a good chew toy for your dog, then the FootSmart SmartFlexx is for you. This highly-engineered device purports to relieve pain associated with plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendonitis, ankle strain, arch pain and other chronic conditions, and it may well do so. Or, you could just use the wall to do the stretches like everybody has been doing forever.

What’s your favorite SkyMall product (in the context of ‘completely ridiculous’ as opposed to ‘favorite’)? Or have you bought something from the catalog that turned out to be a winner? (We won’t laugh at you if you tell us. Okay, maybe we will, but just a little). 

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Travel: Trinidad, Where You Can Hug the Bus Driver

I favor a populist approach to travel. I’ve never been anywhere I didn’t like, so why try to pick the top tier? Love ‘em all! After visiting Trinidad for six days in March, though, I’m going out on a limb to proclaim that I may have encountered the friendliest people I’ve ever met on this planet. Really.

Let me tell you about the day I went to the beach.

After being taught which way to stick out my finger by the lady in the furniture store on the corner, I flagged down a shared taxi and jumped in. The sports updates were just drawing to a close on the radio; I faked righteous indignation and quipped, “They forgot the ice hockey scores.” This brought belly-jiggling peals of laughter from the driver and my fellow passengers. What’s more notable is that it wasn’t the first time I’d been made to feel like a comic genius since arriving.

At the bus station, I stopped at some market stalls to look for nuts. When I couldn’t locate any, I entered the terminal, but not without being asked by the security police if there was something they could help me find. A few minutes later, as I waited near the departure bay, a dreadlocked man in a dirty polo shirt approached me. “You looking for nuts?” he asked, pulling a selection out of a crossbody bag.

“How did you know?”

He waved in the direction of the entrance. “They told me.”

I purchased peanuts and almonds before taking a second-row seat on the 8:30 bus to Maracas Bay. It wasn’t your average public bus, though. This was a luxury coach, with velour seats and air conditioning. A dapper elderly man sat in the front row on the opposite side, and a middle-aged woman directly in front of me. As passengers boarded, many paused to exchange exuberant greetings with either one or both of them. It was like being at a family reunion full of people who actually liked each other.

I asked the bus driver how long it took to get to Maracas, and he replied, “Not long.” It turned out to be a visually stunning 45 minutes, full of winding roads and lush mountain landscapes. Several of the people we picked up along the way sat in the front to visit with the gentleman for a bit before making their way to the back, and he was happy to hold court. Dressed in a brown pin-striped three-piece suit, his lapels were adorned with political party badges and he wore a medal around his neck. His brown fedora had a lime green feather coming out one side, and he carried a large briefcase. On top of his suit, he sported a neon orange safety vest. A character, indeed.

Intrigued, I decided I wanted to visit with him, too. When I moved up a row to occupy the seat next to him, he’d dozed off. “Just touch his arm, he’ll wake up,” the lady opposite us said. I did, and he did. We had a lovely visit, of which I plan to write about at a later date.

Rain came down within 30 minutes of my arrival at the beach. I didn’t want my backpack to get soaked, so, despite a sign that read, “Lifeguards Only,” I ran into the hut. The lifeguard joined me there after a spell, not at all bothered by my camping out. In fact, he taught me how to spot rip currents.

I took shelter in his hut three or four more times that day before giving up hope that the sun would stay put and going across the street to get lunch at Richard’s Bake and Shark. Somewhat of an institution in Maracas Bay Village, other bake and sharks have popped up around it, but I’m partial to Richard’s because they gave me a gigantic piece of shark to taste before I ordered. And just what is bake and shark? It’s more than a fish sandwich, it’s a delectable treat. You build your own, and can add tamarind sauce and coriander sauce and veggies galore. Totally delish.

There was only one afternoon bus back to Port of Spain, at 3 pm, so I joined six Trini women who’d also been on the morning bus and we waited on the side of the road (there are no official bus stops). When it pulled up, the driver apologized and said, “The bus is full and it’s against the rules to have standing passengers.”

“But the next one doesn’t come for four hours!” one of the women said. She stood in the doorway of the bus and negotiated on our behalf, and the next thing we knew, she was waving us all over to board. The first on, the woman handed in her ticket and exclaimed “Thank you so much for not leaving us out there!” Then she hugged the driver. I was next, and thought, “What the heck?” I hugged the driver, too.

When some students got off down the road, we found seats at the back. A jolly drunk boy in the last row provided the entertainment, singing practically the whole way (until he had to get off to urinate in an empty parking lot). Back at the bus terminal, I chatted with the driver for a couple of minutes before leaving, then crossed the street to the shopping district. Every time I left a shop, even without purchasing anything, the sales staff were just as friendly to me as when I’d entered – “Thank you, bye, enjoy your evening!” In the end, I bought only souvenirs, even though I dreamed of being 19 and six feet tall so I could have purchased these sweet kicks.

As it was my third day on the island, I’d already stumbled onto the ‘must walk’ street on the route from downtown back to my guesthouse; the happy path, one might say. Because just in case I wasn’t feeling welcome enough in Trinidad, or had a case of the blues (is that even possible in the Caribbean?), there were these two fellows (later, their owner let out a third to come join the party), possibly the friendliest security spaniels in the world. There I go again with the favoritism. I may just have a little crush on Trinidad.

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Mental Health: The Impact of Unpredictable Relationships

Everyone would agree that it can really take the wind out of your sails when you spend a lot of time around someone who undermines you, but a recent workplace study published in the Academy of Management Journal tells of an interesting twist. An interactive model was developed to test three types of employee relationships within a police department in the Republic of Slovenia: relationships with social support, ones that were undermining and ones with a mix where someone was both supported and undermined by the same person.

Without a journal subscription, only an abstract of the study is available, however Wharton professor Adam Grant distilled the outcomes in his LinkedIn post this week, titled “What’s Worse Than a Coworker Who Undermines You?” And the answer to Grant’s question? The study showed that the most negative outcomes were reported in a situation where a coworker both undermines and supports you. The Jekyll and Hyde, as Grant calls it.

Psychologists have also studied the Jekyll and Hyde effect on everyday relationships. One study (here’s the abstract) found that the higher the number of ambivalent relationships a person had, the more likely they were to be stressed and depressed. It’s easier and more straightforward to process emotions toward someone whose behavior is consistent. When they’re not, neither are your emotions. The “love/hate” feeling that’s often associated with ambivalence is experienced as psychologically unpleasant when the positive and negative aspects of a subject are present in a person’s mind at the same time, according to ye olde wiki. In one of the study’s testing, this manifested as higher heart rates during anxiety-provoking tasks.

For those of us who grew up in an unpredictable household, some light bulbs may be going off right about now. Here’s the way I’m connecting the dots: when you’re not sure how your parent is going to behave — something that brought hugs on Monday brings a raging temper on Tuesday, as a friend likes to say when remembering her mother — your body kicks into safety mode. The fight-or-flight response is your nervous system’s survival strategy. This creates elevated levels of stress and anxiety. And now, years later, your body may still be physically reacting that way. Our cells have strong memory. The unpredictable relationship that caused your nervous system to go into overdrive in the first place left a lasting impression on your body, even if your mind recovered.

This clicked on like floodlights on a football field for me earlier this month. I went to an acupuncturist to seek relief for my allergies. After she checked out my tongue, hands, feet and belly and took my pulse about sixty-three times, she said, “Your body is ready to fight.” But I was lying on a bed in a dimly-lit room with soft, relaxing music playing in the background. Ready to fight?!? Yes. And it has been for decades.

Over the years, I’d kind of started ignoring aspects of my ‘wound-up-ness’ and accepted it as being my normal. My rational, attentive self knows that it’s not normal, and besides, it doesn’t really feel all that good anyway. Plus, overworked adrenal glands can have long-term ill effects on overall health, so I’m tuning back in to what my body is telling me and, more importantly, working to unwind it. Ambivalence, be damned. I’m a lover, not a fighter.

Did this post resonate with you? Have you been on a similar journey? I invite you to share your thoughts. 

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Travel: Random Tips and Trivia from an Old Backpacking Dog

I’ve been at this backpacking game for 26 years, but I’m still picking up a few tricks along the way. And useless bits of trivia, which might not be so useless if you ever go to Suriname, Guyana or Trinidad. Here are 10 things I learned during my trip in March.

  1. At least one window opens on a Boeing 737
  2. Kids’ Tevas go up to a six in U.S. sizes. This is equivalent to an eight in U.S. women’s sizes. Kids’ Tevas are cheaper by half and lighter by a lot. Comfort-wise, I didn’t notice any difference from my old, heavier adult Tevas.
  3. Remember a few years ago when everybody was all “drink açaí juice, it’s the new super food, you’ll live to 100 and your penis/breasts will grow larger?” And then you bought some (because you wanted to live to 100) and it had about a teaspoon of açaí berries in it, mixed with water and grape juice and ‘natural flavors and colors’ (probably from beaver butt)? Well, see that pulpy film around the inside of the glass? This is what real açaí juice looks like, and as for taste, it’s delicious and not at all like what we get in the store. (The orange stuff is awara juice, also extremely yummy.)
  4. Even though I’ve been wearing merino wool for years for layering in cold and warm climates, I hadn’t been able to wrap my brain around wearing wool in sizzling hot and humid climates. Well, I put it to the test on this trip and wow, I was impressed. After three days of hiking in Suriname in the same wool t-shirt, in 94 degree weather with Amazon jungle humidity, the shirt retained zero stink. I came home and immediately ordered another t-shirt and two tank tops online. It’s all I’m going to pack on my next trip, and the bonus is that it also totally retains its shape after hand washing it in the sink and wringing the bejeezus out of it. One thing to be cautious about is if it is described as a base layer, it may be really sheer, so read the customer reviews to get a better sense. (Sierra Trading Post and Mountain Gear are good places to get merino pieces at closeout prices in the U.S.)
  5. Does sweating make your skin break out in little bumps? A wise pharmacist in Trinidad turned me on to medicated sulfur soap, which I used to wash my hands for five days and like magic, all the bumps were gone. The active ingredient in Metasol, the one I bought, is 5% Monosulfiram B.P. but there are also other brands.
  6. Expired sunscreen really is just that. Don’t try to be ‘thrifty’ (cheap backpacker), throw it away before you go out and burn like I did.
  7. The seminal texting abbreviation of the 21st century, “OMG,” has caught on in developing countries. LOL!
  8. Section 213, Chapter 78:01 of Trinidad and Tobago’s Customs Act states that all camouflage clothing, shoes and accessories, pink included, is prohibited unless for use by the Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force. This law covers importing, acquiring, possessing and selling. It also apparently covers anything to do with law enforcement, as I discovered when I wore my “Ghost in the Machine” tank top that said “The Police” on the back and was stopped on the street by a real live police officer and told ixnay on the optay.
  9. My new fave travel thing for hot countries is MiO Fit water enhancer. Plain water can get so boring, especially when you’re traveling in a hot country and have to drink a gallon a day. Voilà, MiO Fit. I wouldn’t buy it all the time because it uses artificial sweeteners, but once in a while for a trip, man, what a little gem (and little is the operative word, as you can see in comparison to my computer mouse). Bonus: the lid has a double snap and shuts really tight, so I had no leakage in my backpack.
  10. Google Maps is pretty slick, don’t get me wrong, but when you’re in Trinidad and it finds a Safeway grocery store just blocks from your guesthouse, don’t get too excited.

What random travel tips or trivia have you learned on your journeys, whether through clever research or cultural faux-pas?  

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New in Mental Health: Class-action Suit Challenges Insurance Coverage

‘Mental illness is a disease, just like diabetes or multiple sclerosis, except the organ it attacks is the brain.’ We’ve heard this statement before; it’s an oft-used one in attempts to shift public perception with regard to the origins of mental illness. To me, it sounds like a no-brainer (pun intended), but in some arenas, the struggle to translate this into a practical reality rages on. Continue reading

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The Thorn Birds as Children’s Lit: My Post for Jeri Walker-Bickett

What are some memorable books that you read as a child? I’m sharing a handful of my picks over on Jeri Walker-Bickett’s blog today, and the list might surprise you. Unless, of course, you also read Sophia Loren’s biography when you were 10.

Here’s the full post: The Thorn Birds as Children’s Literature. And if Jeri’s name sounds familiar to you, it’s because she shared this poignant and haunting post, When Your Mother is Crazy, on my blog just a couple of months ago.

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Travel: A Very Un-Guyana Visit

After the speeding, singing shared taxi from Suriname to Guyana on March 10th, I checked in at Georgetown’s Tropicana Hotel, the only place I could find on the internet that advertised itself as backpacker accommodation. For $22 USD a night, it was nice enough, but unfortunately, aside from one young man who looked in my direction through mirrored aviator sunglasses without moving a single facial muscle, it didn’t have any guests with which to trade information.

I took a well-deserved shower, during which water accumulated up to my ankle bones and stayed there, then went downstairs to talk to the restaurant’s bartender and get the skinny on the neighborhood. See, when I landed in Suriname a week before, two options had been on the table: go to the Amazon jungle there, or go in Guyana. Each country offers a very different experience (I’ve posted a comparison here), but I didn’t have time to do both. Given my budget and time allotment, I chose to do it in Suriname, which meant that the three nights I had left for Guyana would all be spent in the capital city.

Most people don’t hang around in Georgetown.

“So what’s around here for shops?” I asked the bartender. “I need to get some bottled water and stuff.”

He looked at his watch. “There’s only one shop open on Sunday, and it’s two blocks over. But you should hurry. This neighborhood isn’t healthy.”

“Healthy?” I waited for him to tell me that zombies were taking over the streets.

“You don’t want to walk around alone, especially at night. If they see a foreigner, they will just jump you.” And then eat my brains, I guessed.

My inclination to explore the city on foot smushed, the next morning, from the air-conditioned respite of the Oasis Café, I contacted three tour agencies and inquired about day trips. The “less expensive” tours ($125-160) weren’t available due to lack of people – a problem when traveling in places with light tourist traffic. I inquired about bird watching in the Guyana Botanical Gardens. “The gates open at 6 and that’s the best time to see birds,” the tour agent told me, “but don’t go alone. There aren’t any people around and you could get mugged.” Being me, I slept in until 7:30 and then went alone, taking nothing but my camera, $10 and some lip balm.

The gardens were cut down the center by one long, shaded paved road with few footpaths, but strolling through them was entirely pleasant. Locals passed by infrequently, usually either on bicycles or in cars, and one fellow pulled up next to me and warned that it wasn’t safe along that road. I never saw anyone particularly threatening, though, and if someone seemed a little dodgy, I stared them down with my zoot-zoot laser eyes.

At least two dozen bird species also crossed my path, including this very diligent woodpecker I captured on video. The bird songs, breezy trees, abundant water lilies and well-placed benches for sitting, watching and listening almost made me forget I was in the city. I was less fond of the litter strewn about everywhere, and slightly annoyed when I observed a garden employee using the shallowest of shallow baskets to collect it.

At the end of the gardens lies the zoo. For the $2 entry fee, I received good value for money with regard to the heartbreak of seeing big cats in tiny cages, pacing around as if overtaken by madness. Midway through my visit, the veterinarian arrived on site to observe the cats getting their slabs of meat (later, a taxi driver would hypothesize that for every 10 pounds of meat that is earmarked for the zoo, only about two pounds actually make it there). The zoo
definitely showed signs of neglect and disrepair, although there are a couple of pens that are being rebuilt and/or expanded. Short of undergoing a complete overhaul, however,
there wasn’t much about it that made me think the animals had it good. I befriended a couple of monkeys (kindred spirits) before a needed sunscreen top-up forced me to leave; my sunscreen was back in the mugger-free hotel room.

With all that Guyana has to offer, and knowing that Georgetown doesn’t in any way do it justice, there’s only one obvious solution to my lack of time during this visit: I’ll have to save my pennies and go back.

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Travel Comparative: Jungle Trips in Suriname and Guyana

This table compares a number of variables that you might want to consider if you’re planning to do an excursion into the Amazon jungle in Suriname or Guyana. My research was not super extensive, however I think I can safely cover the basics of what to expect (and for my own trip in March 2013, I went into the jungle in Suriname). Continue reading

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Travel: The Inevitable Backpacking Cock-Up, Followed by Redemption

3:40 a.m. on March 10th – My iPhone alarm goes off. It’s harp music. What a joke that is at zero dark thirty in the morning. I dress, then shove the last bits of crap into my backpack in a manner which bears no resemblance to packing.

Leaving Paramaribo

4:00 a.m. – In front of the guesthouse, I get ready to wait for the shared taxi that’s to pick me up “sometime between 4 and 5 a.m.” in Paramaribo, Suriname and proceed to Georgetown, Guyana. Look, there’s a taxi out front already! Loaded with gear, I run-hobble over. It turns out to be another guest returning from a night out. Drunk, he stumbles into the guesthouse. Deflated, I drop into a chair on the porch.

4:30 a.m. – Of course the taxi’s not going to come in the first half of the hour. They’re going to make me wait. I could have slept until 4. Continue reading

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